Objective
Context
Melatonin is a natural hormone used for sleep regulation, while sleeping pills (e.g., benzodiazepines, Z-drugs) are pharmacological agents with stronger effects but higher risks. This review examines whether melatonin offers a safer, healthier alternative for sleep support.
Methods Used
Approach
A review of clinical trials and meta-analyses comparing melatonin and sleeping pills on sleep quality and safety in adults with insomnia.
Data Collection
Metrics included sleep onset, duration, and side effects. Key sources analyzed over 48,000 participants across 172 studies.
Researchers’ Summary of Findings
Health Implications
Melatonin is a healthier choice for mild or circadian-related insomnia, especially for older adults or those concerned with long-term risks. Hypnotics may be effective short-term but carry significant safety concerns if used long-term.
Sustainability
Melatonin offers better long-term tolerability. Sleeping pills pose risks of tolerance and dependency, reducing their sustainable use over time.
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063773
