Abstract Summary
Objective
This research aims to evaluate the efficacy, extraction methods, and health benefits of turkey tail mushroom (Trametes versicolor) extracts, focusing on their immunomodulatory properties, clinical applications, and standardization processes.
Context
Turkey tail mushroom, known scientifically as Trametes versicolor, has been utilized in traditional medicine for centuries, particularly in Asian countries. Modern scientific investigations have identified bioactive compounds within turkey tail, such as polysaccharide-K (PSK) and polysaccharide-peptide (PSP), which exhibit potential health benefits, including immune system support and adjunctive cancer therapy. Understanding the extraction methods and clinical efficacy of these compounds is crucial for their application in contemporary healthcare.
Methods Used
Approach
A comprehensive literature review was conducted, analyzing peer-reviewed clinical trials, pharmacological studies, and traditional usage reports to assess the health benefits and extraction methods of turkey tail mushroom.
Data Collection
Data were collected from various studies focusing on:
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The immunomodulatory effects of PSK and PSP.
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Clinical trials evaluating turkey tail extract as an adjunctive treatment in cancer therapy.
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Extraction techniques, including hot water and dual extraction methods, and their impact on the bioavailability of active compounds.
Researchers' Summary of Findings
Turkey tail mushroom extracts, particularly PSK and PSP, have demonstrated significant immunomodulatory effects. Clinical studies have demonstrated that these compounds can enhance the immune response, potentially improving outcomes in cancer patients when used in conjunction with conventional treatments. For instance, PSK has been used as an approved adjuvant therapy in Japan for gastric and colorectal cancers.
Health Implications
The consumption of turkey tail extracts is generally considered safe, with few reported adverse effects. Their immunomodulatory properties suggest potential benefits in supporting immune health, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems. However, further large-scale clinical trials are necessary to establish their efficacy and optimal usage guidelines fully.
Sustainability
Turkey tail mushrooms are widely available and can be sustainably harvested. The extraction processes, especially hot water extraction, are environmentally friendly and do not require harmful solvents. This positions turkey tail as a sustainable option for natural health products.
DOI
10.1007/s42452-024-05936-9
